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标题: 请英语高手帮翻译一篇国外网站关于鹩哥繁殖方面的文章 [打印本页]

作者: 鹩哥迷 时间: 2007-11-23 20:37
标题: 请英语高手帮翻译一篇国外网站关于鹩哥繁殖方面的文章
Background
This project was started in 1988 by the first inspiration from a hill mynah which was kept in an individual cage for its life time without any chance to breed. Due to its ability to mimic any sound especially human languages, hill mynah becomes a very popular pet worldwide. However, it hardly breeds in captivity and people keep on taking the young from their nests. This threatens the decline of the wild population.

At that time in Thailand, there was no report about the biology of Thai hill mynah, particularly reproductive biology. Several research projects, both in the field and in the laboratory, on anatomy, physiology, ecology, ethology, hematology, endocrinology, parasitology and natural reproductive biology of hill mynah have been conducted since then.
With a persistent aim to conserve this kind of wildlife, the works have been carried on to acquire the most information fundamental to captive breeding.

Subspecies of hill mynahs in Thailand
There are two species of hill mynahs in the world, Gracula religiosa and G. ptilogenys. Ten subspecies of Gracula religiosa distribute all over Asia from India, China, Burma,Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia and Philippines.Two of these are found in Thailand (latitude 5°37'N - 20°27'N, longitude 97°22'E - 105°37'E) , one of which is the northern race, Gracula religiosa intermedia inhabiting from north India, China, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam and the northern through central part of Thailand and the other is the southern race,G. r. religiosa spreading from the southern part of Thailand to Malaysia and Indonesia.
Gracula religiosa intermedia

Gracula religiosa religiosa
From morphology study, the differences between the northern and the southern races of Thai hill mynahs are obvious. The northern birds have smaller sizes of bill, head and body than the southern ones. Moreover, the wattle shape of the former comprises a yellow connection line between front and rear parts which does not appear in the latter.
Both of them have glossy black feathers which turn purple blue when exposed to the sunshine with white patches at the tips of both wings, orange big bills with yellow tips and yellow legs. Males and females are alike, i.e. they are monomorphic birds.
   Breeding season is January through July. Being monogamous birds , both male and female make nest, incubate and feed their young. Between August and December we find them living in flock about 7-50 birds. They forage, perch, sun bathe and fly together in group.
      Eight years of field study (1991-1998) revealed that, on average, out of every 100 eggs there were only 12 independent fledglings which could survive. Most of the rest were caught for caged pets. Thus, breeding in captivity is undoubtedly urgent for the c

Success in captive breeding
After ten years (1988-1997) of successive endeavor, including data collection from the forest all over Thailand and the commencement of hill mynah breeding in captivity in 1996, we succeeded in breeding 52 younglings in 1997 from 8 pairs of breeders all year round even during nonbreeding season in August through December and 27 younglings in 1998 (up to May 1998).  We  provide a couple of breeder with a nest which is 1.5 meters in height from the ground.

They lay 2-3 blue eggs and incubate for 15 days. Food comprises fruits and vegetables such as papaya, watermelon, banana, figs, pepper and tomato; in addition they get protein from meal worm and mynah pellets. Water for drinking and bathing is changed everyday.
Nestlings are taken from the nests on the day of hatching. Hand-rearing is preferable. Thirty-day-old fledglings are trained to perch, fly, and eat by themselves and they can do well when they become older than 45 days.

Vocal imitation talent
The most significant desire for having hill mynah as pet birds comes from their ability to mimic any sound especially human speech. Some call them the talking bird. In fact, they can neither talk nor converse. The result from one of our projects indicated that what they could do was to mimic and repeated the words and phrases they have heard since an age of less than 6 months. The vocal imitation in hill mynah represented learning behavior.

People think hill mynahs are very good company especially in big cities where people like to live alone in apartment or condominium. They enjoy talking to the birds even though they are only birds that can mimic their voice. Thai hill mynahs are very popular among hill mynahs in the world. People are impressed with the ability of hill mynahs originating from Thailand to learn more words or phrases and to imitate voice more frequently than those from elsewhere. Successful captive breeding as a result of this project will solve the problem of extinction.
Persuant Projects
Past efforts have manifested the goal to breed hill mynah in captivity in order to release them back to the nature which is one method of the conservation management for threatened or endangered species. Therefore, projects to be followed will focus on increasing the captive population and training the young to survive in the wild regard to foraging, predation and propagation their genes.

Pursuant projects are to be submitted and we hope that the conservation of this kind of wildlife will not be an impossible dream.

MANEE ARCHAWARANON
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University Huamark, Bangkok 10240, Thailand 66-2-3190801  ext. 142 Fax  66-2-7296176  manee@ram1.ru.ac.th

  Education
- 1983-1987 Ph.D. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
                                    Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
                                    (supervised by Professor Dr. R.Haven Wiley)
- 1974-1976 M.Sc. Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
                                    (supervised by Professor Dr. M.R. Puttipongse Varavudhi)
- 1970-1974 B.Sc.    (Gold Medal Award)
                                    Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Academic Positions
      - 1982-present Associate Professor of Biology, Ramkhamhaeng University
      - 1979-1982    Assistant Professor of Biology, Ramkhamhaeng University
      - 1976-1979    Lecturer, Ramkhamhaeng University
Major Research Interests
Animal Behavior especially reproductive behavior, ecology, evolution and physiology.

Recent Studies
• 1988-present Several projects on biology of Thai hill mynah.

Social Service
• 1999 - present Save Thai Birds for Kids Project

作者: 爱鹩友 时间: 2007-11-24 11:12
[s:6] 看不懂

作者: 小宝 时间: 2007-11-24 18:26
我要是能读懂,我早就发财了. [s:3] [s:3] [s:3]

作者: 鹩哥迷 时间: 2007-11-24 19:11
大意是：
背景
1988 年这个项目被开始了由第一启发从被保留在一只单独笼子为它的生活时间没有任一次机会养殖的小山mynah 。由于它的能力仿造所有声音特别是人的语言, 小山mynah 变成一只非常普遍的宠物全世界。但是, 它几乎不养殖在囚禁并且人们保持在采取年轻人从他们的巢。这威胁狂放的人口的衰落

作者: 八哥哥 时间: 2007-12-5 21:03
闲着无事请公司一个研究生同事共同翻译如下．但感觉翻译出来有些语言方面不怎么通顺．

背景
这计划被第一从一只鹩哥,被没有任何机会繁殖使有一个人笼子在它的生活时间中的灵感开始
1988.模仿任何健康特别人语言的才能由于它的,鹩哥在全世界成为一个非常受欢迎宠物.但是,它在囚虏身上几乎不繁殖和人们不停地发生作用从他们的巢年轻.这个威胁混乱人口的倾斜.
在那在泰国时刻,事实上没有关于泰语鹩哥,特别再生产的生物学的生物学的报告.从那时起几既在田野中也在实验室中有关鹩哥家八哥的解剖,生理学,生态学,性格学,血液学,内分泌学,寄生物学和自然再生产的生物学研究项目已经被进行.随着一保存这种类的野生动物持续不断目标n!Iu<ZFMV4,工厂已经被继续进行最获得对被俘虏的养殖是必要信息.
在泰国Lg+2中鹩哥家八哥的亚种8V那里是两品种的在世界,Gracula religiosa和G. ptilogenys
中鹩哥.Gracula religiosa的十亚种从印度,中国,缅甸,泰国分配遍布亚洲,这些的老挝,柬埔寨,越南,马来
西亚,印度尼西亚和Philippines.Two被在一个是北方地区的人的泰国((纬度5°37'N--20°27'N,
经度97°22'E--105°37'E)发现竞选,Gracula religiosa综合使用多种艺术表现手段的,从北方印
度,中国,缅甸,老挝,柬埔寨,越南和北方地区的人通过部分泰国中心地区的和其他的居住是南方竞选,
r.religiosa从到马来西亚南方的部分泰国向和印度尼西亚扩展.&VPWDm=ej Graculareligiosa综合使用多种艺术表现手段的M1h((C|cg,++6Wf):Gracula religiosareligiosa EPx=从形态学研究Dff,北方地区的人之间的差异和泰国的鹩哥家八哥的南方竞选是显而易见.与南方那些相比,北方鸟有单子,头儿和躯体更小号.此外,前者更以前的肉垂形状包括一在前面的和后面零件之间不出现在后者的黄色联系线.当对随着在两个翅膀的顶端白色补丁程序阳光暴露的,柑橘大量地接嘴的时候,n-vI gqM他们俩随着黄色小费和黄色腿有变成紫的蓝色的有光泽的黑羽毛.雄性动物和女性是相似的,即他们是单态的鸟.
经历七月一月培养季节.是一夫一妻制的鸟,雄性动物和女性到达巢,孵化和喂养他们的年轻.在八月
和十二月之间我们发现他们大约7-50鸟居住在群.他们寻找,栖息,晒游泳在组中和飞一起.i v:5 ufU八年的田野研究(1991-1998)暴露平均起来,从每100出来蛋有仅能存留下来的12只独立刚长羽毛的小鸟.其余的绝大部分被为关
在笼中的宠物抓住.因此,在囚虏身上繁殖对于c,.N=m/无可置疑是紧迫
L7成功在中俘虏繁殖E9r4 nnz在之后十年(1988-1997)的连续努力包括数据收集从森林全部结束泰国和开始的鹩哥繁殖在中囚虏在中1996我们取得成功在中繁殖52年轻人在中1997从8对的饲养动物的人一年到头平稳在期间非养殖季节在中八月通过十二月和27年轻人在中1998沿着对1998年5月.我们用一个是在从地高度中1.5米的巢提供几饲养动物的人
他们下2-3蓝蛋和孵化15天.食物包括例如番木瓜树,西瓜,香蕉,无花果,胡椒粉和西红柿水果和蔬菜;
此外他们从饭蠕虫和家八哥颗粒状物得到蛋白质.水被用换喝饮料和洗澡每天.孵出的白天雏鸟被从巢拿走.手-上公共厕所是更可取的.三十-只-day-old刚长羽毛的小鸟被他们自己训练栖息,乘飞机,和吃饭和当他们变得与45天相比更老的时候,他们能做得好.
发音人造的才能吗?最的重要的对把鹩哥作为宠物鸟的渴望来自他们的模仿任何健康特别人讲话的才能.
一些认为他们是说话鸟.事实上,他们能既不说话也不谈话.从一不到6月个的年龄起从我们计划之一结指示他们所能做的是要模仿和重复他们已经听的词和短语.在鹩哥家八哥中发音模仿代表学习行为.
人们认为鹩哥在人们在哪里喜欢单独居住在公寓或者公寓私有共有方式的大城市城市中特别是很好公司.他们欣赏向尽管,他们是仅鸟其能模仿他们的声音的鸟说话.泰国的鹩哥是非常在在世界上鹩哥中流行.人们是对源于泰国鹩哥家八哥的从其它地方了解更多词或者短语和比那些更经常学习声音的才能印象深刻.由于这计划繁殖成功俘虏将解决熄灭的问题.为了本质,其为威胁说或者危害品种是保存管理的一方法的回到释放他们,tOhGc69 Persuant计划
过去努力已经表现目标养殖在囚虏身上鹩哥.因此,被随着到来的计划将关注增加被俘虏的人口和训练年
轻在混乱关心寻找,捕食行为和繁殖中在他们的基因中存留下来.<lAkG<p7 oqS;k,p追赶的计划将是提交和我们希望这种类的野生动物的保存将不是一不可能的梦.
Huamark,曼谷10240,泰国66-2-3190801 ext.142传真传输66-2-7296176
manee@ram1.ru.ac.thlP eFcB.9^H@:
教育uF=l0J
                     O--1983-1987 Ph.D.
                     在非国教的小山北卡
                     罗来纳大学:B Ol8

作者: 鹩哥迷 时间: 2007-12-5 21:39

引用第4楼八哥哥于2007-12-05 21:03发表的 :
背景
这计划被第一从一只鹩哥,被没有任何机会繁殖使有一个个人笼子在它的生活时间中的灵感使开始1988.模仿任何健康特别人语言的才能由于它的,鹩哥在全世界成为一个非常受欢迎宠物.但是,它在囚虏身上几乎不繁殖和人们不停地发生作用从他们的巢年轻.这个威胁混乱人口的倾斜.

那在泰国,事实上没有关于泰语鹩哥,特别再生产的生物学的生物学的报告.从那时起几既在田野中也在实验室中有关鹩哥家八哥的解剖,生理学,生态学,性格学,血液学,内分泌学,寄生物学和自然再生产的生物学研究项目已经被进行.随着一保存这种类的野生动物持续不断目标,工厂已经被继续进行最获得对被俘虏的养殖是必要信息

继续。。。

作者: 重金属 时间: 2007-12-6 15:11
八哥哥辛苦了~~~~ 慢慢看翻译了，不过看得有点晕哦 [s:8]

作者: 鹩哥迷 时间: 2007-12-6 19:32
明白大意了，语法没表现出来。八哥哥辛苦了

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